蒙脫石

Montmorillonite

Montmorillonite is a very soft phyllosilicate group of minerals that form as microscopic crystals, known as clay, when they precipitate from water solutions. Named after Montmorillon in France, it is a member of the smectite group and characterized as a 2:1 clay, consisting of two tetrahedral sheets of silica sandwiching a central octahedral sheet of alumina. The particles are plate-shaped, with an average diameter of about 1 μm and a thickness of 0.96 nm; an electron microscope with magnification of about 25,000 times is required to resolve individual clay particles. This group includes minerals such as saponite, nontronite, beidellite, and hectorite.

By Rob Lavinsky, iRocks.com – CC-BY-SA-3.0, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=10442169

Montmorillonite is used in cosmetics for its absorbent and cleansing properties, especially in masks and cleaning products.

Montmorillonite is concentrated and transformed within cave environments through natural weathering. It forms slowly in solutions of aluminosilicates, with high bicarbonate concentrations and extended periods aiding its formation. Montmorillonite can transform to palygorskite under dry conditions and to halloysite-10Å in acidic conditions (pH 5 or lower).

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