咖啡因

Caffeine

Caffeine is a central nervous system stimulant of the methylxanthine class. It is primarily used as a eugeroic (wakefulness promoter) or as a mild cognitive enhancer to increase alertness and attentional performance. Caffeine works by blocking the binding of adenosine to the adenosine A1 receptor, thereby enhancing the release of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine.

By Vaccinationist - Own work using: PubChem, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=54417143

1. High Biological Activity and Penetration Ability: Caffeine is widely used in cosmetics due to its ability to penetrate the skin barrier.
2. Application in Skin Penetration Studies: As a hydrophilic model substance, caffeine is frequently used in skin penetration studies on humans and animals, as well as in various synthetic membranes using Franz diffusion cell experiments.
3. Standard Concentration in Topical Formulations: Commercially available topical formulations containing caffeine typically have a concentration of 3%.
4. Anti-Fat Accumulation: Caffeine acts as an active ingredient in cosmetics to prevent excessive fat accumulation in cells, commonly used in anti-cellulite products.
5. Stimulates Fat Degradation: Caffeine stimulates the degradation of fats during lipolysis by inhibiting phosphodiesterase activity.
6. Potent Antioxidant Properties: Caffeine has the ability to protect cells against UV radiation and helps slow down the photoaging process of the skin.
7. Increases Microcirculation in the Skin: Caffeine contained in cosmetics increases the microcirculation of blood in the skin.
8. Stimulates Hair Growth: Caffeine also stimulates hair growth by inhibiting the activity of 5-α-reductase.

1. As a major component in beverages, to increase alertness and reduce fatigue.
2. Medically used to treat and prevent respiratory disorders in premature infants, such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia and apnea of prematurity.
3. Caffeine may cause stomach issues, bone loss, increased urination, and can lead to anxiety and jitteriness. While its addictive nature is debated, withdrawal symptoms can occur upon cessation. Moderate consumption might offer protective benefits for certain diseases, but excessive intake can have severe health consequences.

Caffeine is found in the seeds, fruits, nuts, or leaves of various plants native to Africa, East Asia, and South America.
The most well-known source of caffeine is the coffee bean, the seed of the Coffea plant. Caffeine is extracted by steeping the plant product in water, a process called infusion, to make caffeinated beverages.

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